The Sheikh al-Ra'is Sharaf al-Mulk Abu 'Ali al-Husayn b. 'Abd Allah b. 'Ali Ibn Sina, in Latin he is know as Avicenna and his most famous works are those. In medicine, his encyclpedic book, al-Qanun (The Canon) - Al Qanun Fi.

The Sheikh al-Ra'is Sharaf al-Mulk Abu ‘Ali al-Husayn b. ‘Abd Allah b.

‘Ali Ibn Sina, in Latin he is know as Avicenna and his most famous works are those on philosophy and medicine. His philosophical views have engaged the attention of Western thinkers over several centuries, and his books have been among the most important sources in philosophy. In medicine, his encyclpedic book, al-Qanun (The Canon) - Al Qanun Fi Al-Tibb (The Canon of Medicine)- was translated into Latin towards the end of the twelfth century CE, and became a reference source for medical studies in the universities of Europe until the end of the seventeenth century. Article Image Banner Note: Composed by Cem Nizamoglu, first published in website. *** The Author Figure 2. An imaginary drawing of Ibn Sina (: Krueger, H.C.: Avicenna's poem on medicine.

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Springfield, Illinois; Charles C Thomas, 1963; p 52a) [Ibn Sina, or Avicenna, lived in Hamadan and Jurjan from 980 to 1037 CE, and acquired great fame in mediaeval European medicine. In al-Qanun, Ibn Sina basically followed the methodical, analytical line originated by al-Razi. AI-Qanun was, however, more broadly conceived than Al-Hawi (the Continens and included all branches of medical science. According to Desnos, most of the disesaes of the kidneys and bladder can be recognized in the systemic classification of renal diseases and the accounts of bladder diseases given by Ibn Sina in al-Qanun. He was also the first to point out the fact that haematuria may be due to causes outside the urinary system, for example, blood diseases. Apart from the methodical classification and precise descriptions of aetiological factors and signs in his chapter on urinary disturbances, Ibn Sina pointed out the role of psychological factors in the treatment of certain cases of nocturnal nuresis. Both Ibn Sina and al-Razi warned against catheterization in the presence of inflammation, as it increases the swelling and pain.

To ensure gentle catheterisation, Ibn Sina designed catheters with rounded, firm tips and many side holes from the skin of certain marine and other animals. The al-Hawi, at-Tasrif and al-Qanun were translated into Latin as early as 1150 CE by Gerard of Cremona and greatly influenced the European Mediaeval schools of medicine well into the eighteenth century.] From ' by Rabie El-Said Abdel-Halim Figure 3. Illuminated opening of the first book of the Kitab al-Qanun fi al-tibb (The Canon on Medicine) by Ibn Sina.

Undated, probably Iran, beginning of 15th century. First page of the Latin translation of the Canon: Liber Canonis, de Medicinis Cordialibus et Cantica, iam olim quidem a Gerardo Carmonensi ex arabico in latinum conversa () The Teacher [Ibn Sina has attracted the attention of scholars, past and present, who have written books, treatises and articles on him. One of these aspects, however, has not been very widely discussed, namely his views on education. Figure 5. Ibn Sina drawing by A. Suheyl Unver. Although Ibn Sina's writings on this subject, in comparison with his vast output on other subjects, are in fact considered to be very scarce, we do nonetheless find he deals with the same problems that confront educators today.

He speaks about humanity, society, knowledge and ethics. He devoted a treatise entitled ‘Politics' to education; and he speaks at some length in ‘The Canon' about the upbringing of infants. Thereby, Ibn Sina represents a lively illustration of the meeting between philosophy and education, for the educator and the philosopher are both faced with the same problems: truth, goodness, the nature of the world, the meaning of knowledge and human nature, and so on.

Obviously, Ibn Sina the philosopher has his own views on education. In addition, if we consider that Ibn Sina undertook teaching on a practical level for a considerable length of time, we realize that we have here a thinker whose philosophy was transformed into an educational theory that he himself practiced.] [The human being, in Ibn Sina's view, consists of both hidden ( sirr) and open ( ‘alan) elements.