The (EPA) Storm Water Management Model ( ) is a dynamic rainfall–– used for single-event to long-term (continuous) of the surface/subsurface hydrology quantity and from primarily urban/suburban areas. It can simulate the, runoff, evaporation, infiltration and groundwater connection for roots, streets, grassed areas, rain gardens and ditches and pipes, for example. The hydrology component of SWMM operates on a collection of divided into and areas with and without storage to predict and loads from precipitation, evaporation and losses from each of the subcatchment. Besides, low impact development (LID) and best management practice areas on the subcatchment can be modeled to reduce the impervious and pervious runoff. The routing or hydraulics section of SWMM transports this water and possible associated constituents through a system of closed pipes, open channels, storage/treatment devices, ponds, storages, pumps, orifices, weirs, outlets, outfalls and other regulators. SWMM tracks the quantity and quality of the flow generated within each, and the flow rate, flow depth, and quality of water in each pipe and channel during a simulation period composed of multiple fixed or variable. The water quality constituents such as can be simulated from buildup on the subcatchments through washoff to a network with optional first order decay and linked pollutant removal, best management practice and () removal and treatment can be simulated at selected storage nodes.

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SWMM is one of the which the EPA and other agencies have applied widely throughout North America and through consultants and universities throughout the world. The latest update notes and new features can be found on the Recently added in November 2015 were the and in 2016 the and + ”. Contents • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • Program description [ ] The EPA storm water management model (SWMM) is a dynamic rainfall-runoff-routing simulation model used for single event or long-term (continuous) simulation of runoff quantity and quality from primarily urban areas. The runoff component of SWMM operates on a collection of subcatchment areas that receive precipitation and generate runoff and pollutant loads. The routing portion of SWMM transports this runoff through a system of pipes, channels, storage/treatment devices, pumps, and regulators.

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SWMM tracks the quantity and quality of runoff generated within each subcatchment, and the flow rate, flow depth, and quality of water in each pipe and channel during a simulation period divided into multiple time steps. SWMM accounts for various hydrologic processes that produce runoff from urban areas. These include: • time-varying rainfall • evaporation of standing surface water • snow accumulation and melting • rainfall interception from depression storage • infiltration of rainfall into unsaturated soil layers • percolation of infiltrated water into groundwater layers • interflow between groundwater and the drainage system • nonlinear reservoir routing of overland flow • capture and retention of rainfall/runoff with various types of low impact development (LID) practices. SWMM also contains a flexible set of hydraulic modeling capabilities used to route runoff and external inflows through the drainage system network of pipes, channels, storage/treatment units and diversion structures. History [ ] SWMM was first developed between 1969–1971 and has undergone four major upgrades since those years. The major upgrades were: (1) Version 2 in 1973-1975, (2) Version 3 in 1979-1981, (3) Version 4 in 1985-1988 and (4) Version 5 in 2001-2004. A list of the major changes and post-2004 changes are shown in Table 1.